clofarabine

Clofarabine injection is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a cancer of the white blood cells, in patients who have already used at least 2 other cancer medicines. Clofarabine is an antineoplastic (cancer) medicine.

Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite that is being studied in the treatment of cancer. It is marketed as Clolar in the U.S. and Canada, or Evoltra in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.

Clofarabine is an antineoplastic (cancer) medicine. It interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed by the body. Since the growth of normal cells may also be affected by clofarabine, other unwanted effects can occur.

Compared to fludarabine, clofarabine has an increased resistance to deamination and phosphorolysis, and hence better stability as well as higher affinity to deoxycytidine kinase (dCyd), the rate‐limiting step in nucleoside phosphorylation 12.

In 100 people receiving Clofarabine, from 4 to 20 may have: Capillary leak syndrome which may cause fluid in the organs resulting in low blood pressure, shortness of breath, swelling of ankles.

Clofarabine was cytotoxic at lower IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) levels than fludarabine in vitro against numerous human cell lines, including L1210 and K562 leukemic cells [3,11].

Clofarabine was rapidly absorbed following oral administration with a mean absorption time of less than 2 h and bioavailability of 57.5%.

Company: Genzyme Corp.

Panitumumab (Vectibix), is a human monoclonal antibody EGFR antagonist indicated as a single agent for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma with disease progression on or following fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan chemotherapy regimens.

The tumor lysis syndrome occurs when tumor cells release their contents into the bloodstream, either spontaneously or in response to therapy, leading to the characteristic findings of hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. 1-3.

How does irinotecan work? , called topoisomerase I. All cells need this enzyme to divide and grow. Irinotecan blocks this enzyme so the cancer cells can’t divide.

Emtricitabine will not cure or prevent HIV infection or AIDS. It helps keep HIV from reproducing and appears to slow down the destruction of the immune system. This may help delay problems that are usually related to AIDS or HIV disease from occurring. Emtricitabine will not keep you from spreading HIV to other people.

Capecitabine is a type of chemotherapy. It is used as a treatment for different types of cancer, including bowel cancer. You might have capecitabine on its own or with other chemotherapy drugs. You might also have it with radiotherapy.

Chemotherapy drugs, such as clofarabine, fludarabine, and busulfan, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading.

Doxorubicin is considered one of the strongest chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer ever invented. It can kill cancer cells at every point in their life cycle, and it’s used to treat a wide variety of cancers, not just breast cancer. Doxorubicin is also known as “The Red Devil” because it is a clear bright red color.

Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite marketed in the United States and Canada as Clolar. In Europe and Australia/New Zealand the product is marketed under the name Evoltra.

Below are the main types of chemotherapy: Alkylating agents. Antimetabolites. Anti-tumor antibiotics.

Cytoxan is a chemotherapy drug that is used to help treat breast cancer. Cytoxan works by damaging the DNA inside breast cancer cells so they cannot replicate. It’s usually used with other chemo medicines. In advanced-stage breast cancer, it may be used before surgery to shrink large tumors.

Docetaxel is in a class of chemotherapy medications called taxanes. It stops cancer cells from growing and dividing and may kill them.

Cisplatin and carboplatin are in a class of chemotherapy medications known as platinum-containing compounds. They work by killing, stopping, or slowing the growth of cancer cells.

Approval Date: 12/28/2004.

In the U.S. , BRUKINSA is approved for the treatment of adult patients with CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma, Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, mantle cell lymphoma who have received at least one prior therapy, and relapsed or refractory marginal zone lymphoma who have received at least one anti-CD20-based regimen.

The small-molecule FDA-approved drugs for AML, beyond standard chemotherapy, include IDH inhibitors [41] (olutasidenib, ivosidenib, enasidenib), FLT3 inhibitors [40] (gilteritinib, midostaurin), BCL-2 inhibitor [42] (venetoclax), hypomethylating agents [39] (azacitidine, decitabine), and CPX-351 (liposomal cytarabine …

DateArticleJun 16, 2011Approval FDA Approves Nulojix for Kidney Transplant PatientsMay 3, 2010Bristol-Myers Squibb Receives Complete Response Letter from FDA for Belatacept

On March 10, 2021, the FDA granted regular approval to tivozanib for treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) following two or more prior systemic therapies.

On September 27, 2006, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted approval to panitumumab (Vectibix, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA) for the treatment of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing, metastatic colorectal carcinoma with disease progression on or following fluoropyrimidine-, …

Elvitegravir (brand name Vitekta) is a drug used as part of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The FDA approved elvitegravir in 2012 as an antiretroviral drug (ARV) for people with HIV infection. Elvitegravir is manufactured by Gilead Sciences. Elvitegravir was sold from 2014 to 2016 as a single drug known as Vitekta.

Clofarabine is a second generation of purine nucleoside analogues designed to combine the most favorable pharmacokinetic properties of fludarabine and cladribine. Clofarabine acts by inhibiting DNA polymerases and ribonucleotide reductase as well as by inducing apoptosis in cycling and non-cycling cells.

USES: Clofarabine is used to treat a certain type of cancer (acute lymphoblastic leukemia-ALL). It works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells. HOW TO USE: This medication is given by injection into a vein by a health care professional.

US6680382 patent discloses a process for the preparation of Clofarabine by the reaction of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-3,5-di-O-benzoyl-[alpha]-D-arabinofuranosyl bromide with chloroadenine in presence of KOBt in various solvents provides mixture of α, β-anomers of 2-chloro-9-(3,5-O- dibenzoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-[beta]-D- …

Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside analogue consisting of a 6-amino-2-chloropurin-9-yl group attached to the 1beta position of 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-D-arabinofuranose. It is metabolized intracellularly to the active 5′-triphosphate metabolite, which inhibits DNA synthesisis and so stops the growth of cancer cells.

Azacitidine is a type of chemotherapy drug. It is also known as Vidaza or Onureg. for the following conditions: chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML)

Blinatumomab is a type of targeted cancer drug called immunotherapy. It might also be called a monoclonal antibody. It works by targeting a certain protein on the leukaemia cells so your immune system can recognise them. The protein is called CD19.

Vincristine is a chemotherapy medication used to treat various types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms tumor. Vincristine belongs to the category of vinca alkaloids, a class of drugs that function by impeding the proper division of cancer cells.