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Tenofovir is available as a 150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, and 300 mg oral tablet and a 40 mg/1 g of oral powder.

Tenofovir is an antiretroviral that is used for the:

• Treatment of HIV infection – people ages 2 years and older
• Treatment of chronic (long-term) hepatitis B – Brand Tenofovir for people ages 2 years and older; generic for people ages 12 years and older

Tenofovir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It works in HIV by inserting itself into the genetic material of the virus. In doing so, it prevents HIV from making copies of itself and spreading. Tenofovir also works in HBV by blocking an enzyme (protein) called HBV polymerase that usually helps the virus make copies of itself. By blocking HBV polymerase, Tenofovir also stops HBV virus from spreading.

Tenofovir is typically dose as follows:

• Adults and children who weigh at least 35 kg (77 lb): The typical dose is 300 mg by mouth once daily
• Children 2 years and older who weigh at least 17 kg (37 lbs): The dose will depend on your child’s weight. The typical dose is 8 mg/kg of body weight by mouth daily, up to a maximum of 300 mg
• Your dose might differ if you have kidney problems. Tenofovir is also available as a powder to be mixed with soft foods for people who weigh at least 22 lbs and have trouble swallowing tablets

Tenofovir is a safe and effective treatment when used for FDA licensed indications. However, like all medications, they may give you unwanted side effects. You should always discuss potential side effects with your physician to ensure the medication is suitable and right for you.

Common side effects of Tenofovir:

• Higher cholesterol levels
• Rash
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Pain
• Higher creatine kinase (CK) levels, suggesting muscle damage
• Feeling depressed
• Nausea
• Lack of energy

Serious side effects are rare with Tenofovir. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of the following.

• Build up of lactic acid in the blood: feeling more tired and weak, belly pain, muscle pain, breathing problems
  Serious kidney problems: tiredness, confusion, nausea, urinating less than usual, swelling in your legs, ankles, or feet, joint pain, bone pain
• Serious liver problems: nausea, vomiting, not feeling hungry, pain in the right side of the stomach, yellowing of the whites of the eyes or skin, dark-colored urine, light-colored stool

The following medications may interact with Tenofovir:

• Tenofovir increases didanosine concentrations. Dose reduction and close monitoring for didanosine toxicity are warranted
• Coadministration decreases atazanavir concentrations. When coadministered with Tenofovir, use atazanavir given with ritonavir
• Coadministration of Tenofovir with certain HIV-1 protease inhibitors or certain drugs to treat HCV increases Tenofovir concentrations. Monitor for evidence of Tenofovir toxicity
• Consult Full Prescribing Information prior to and during treatment for important drug interactions

Various FDA-approved generic manufacturers

It is not known if Tenofovir will harm your unborn baby. You and your doctor will have to decide if you should take Tenofovir while you are pregnant or if you plan to become pregnant. There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to Tenofovir during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the
Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258-4263.

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